CPP : C++ Certified Professional Programmer : Part 11

CPP : C++ Certified Professional Programmer : Part 11

1. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

   #include <vector>
   #include <iostream>
   #include <algorithm>
   using namespace std;
   template<class T>struct Out {
   ostream & out;
   Out(ostream & o): out(o){}
   void operator()(const T & val ) {
   out<<val<<” “;
   }
   };
   struct Sequence {
   int start;
   Sequence(int start):start(start){}
   int operator()() { return 10*(1+(start++ %3)); } };
   int main() {
   vector<int> v1(10);
   vector<int> v2(10);
   generate(v1.begin(), v1.end(), Sequence(1));
   sort(v1.rbegin(), v1.rend());
   unique_copy(v1.begin(),v1.end(), v2.begin());
   for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), Out<int>(cout) );cout<<endl;
   return 0;
   }

   Program outputs:

   • 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20
   • 30 20 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   • 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 10
   • compilation error

2. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

   #include <list>
   #include <iostream>
   using namespace std;
   template<class T>
   void print(T start, T end) {
   while (start != end) {
   std::cout << *start << ” “; start++;
   }
   }
   int main()
   {
   int t1[] ={ 1, 7, 8, 4, 5 };
   list<int> l1(t1, t1 + 5);
   int t2[] ={ 3, 2, 6, 9, 0 };
   list<int> l2(t2, t2 + 5);
   l1.sort();
   list<int>::iterator it = l2.begin();
   it++; it++;
   l1.splice(l1.end(),l2, it, l2.end());
   print(l1.begin(), l1.end()); cout<<“Size:”<<l1.size()<<” “;
   print(l2.begin(), l2.end()); cout<<“Size:”<<l2.size()<<endl;
   return 0;
   }

   • program outputs: 1 4 5 7 8 6 9 0 Size:8 3 2 Size:2
   • program outputs: 1 4 5 7 8 6 9 0 Size:8 3 2 6 9 0 Size:5
   • compilation error
   • program outputs: 0 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 Size:8 3 2 Size:2
   • program outputs: 0 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 Size:8 3 2 6 9 0 Size:5

3. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

   #include <iostream>

   using namespace std;

   template<class A>
   void f(A a)
   {
   cout<<1<<endl;
   }

   void f(int a)
   {
   cout<<2<<endl;
   }

   int main()
   {
   int a = 1;
   f<float>(a);
   return 0;
   }

   • program displays: 1
   • program displays: 2
   • compilation error
   • runtime exception

4. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

   #include <iostream>
   #include <algorithm>
   #include <set>
   using namespace std;
   class A {
   int a;
   public:
   A(int a) : a(a) {}
   int getA() const { return a; } void setA(int a) { this?>a = a; }
   operator int() const {return a;}
   };

   int main () {
   int t[] = {1,2,3,2,3,5,1,2,7,3,2,1,10, 4,4,5};
   set<A> s (t,t+15);
   cout<<equal(s.begin(), s.end(), t)<<endl;

   return 0;
   }

   Program outputs:

   • true
   • false
   • 1
   • 0
   • compilation error

5. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

   #include <iostream>
   #include <algorithm>
   #include <deque>
   using namespace std;
   class A {
   int a;
   public:
   A(int a) : a(a) {}
   int getA() const { return a; } void setA(int a) { this?>a = a; }
   };
   int main () {
   int t[] = {1,2,3,2,3,5,1,2,7,3,2,1,10, 4,4,5};
   deque<int> d (t,t+15);
   int number = count(d.begin(), d.end(), 2);
   cout<< number<<endl;
   return 0;
   }

   Program outputs:

   • 4
   • 3
   • 2
   • 0
   • compilation error

6. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

   #include <iostream>
   #include <map>
   #include <vector>
   #include <sstream>
   #include <string>
   using namespace std;
   int main(){
   int t[] ={ 3, 4, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 0 };
   vector<int> v(t, t+10);
   multimap<int,string> m;
   for(vector<int>::iterator i=v.begin(); i!=v.end(); i++) {
   stringstream s; s<<*i<<*i; m.insert(pair<int,string>(*i,s.str()));
   }
   for(multimap<int, string>::iterator i=m.begin();i!= m.end(); i++) {
   cout<<*i<<” “;
   }
   return 0;
   }

   • program outputs: 3 4 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 0
   • program outputs: 00 11 22 33 44
   • program outputs: 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
   • program outputs: 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4
   • compilation error

7. Which method added to class B at the marked spot will allow the code below to compile? Choose all possible solutions.

   #include <vector>
   #include <iostream>
   #include <algorithm>
   using namespace std;
   class B { int val;
   public:
   B(int v):val(v){}
   int getV() const {return val;}
   /* Insert Code Here */
   };
   ostream & operator <<(ostream & out, const B & v) { out<<v.getV(); return out;}
   template<class T>struct Out {
   ostream & out;
   Out(ostream & o): out(o){}
   void operator() (const T & val ) { out<<val<<” “; } };
   int main() {
   int t[]={8, 10, 5, 1, 4, 6, 2, 7, 9, 3};
   vector<B> v1(t, t+10);
   sort(v1.begin(), v1.end(), greater<B>());
   for_each(v1.begin(), v1.end(), Out<B>(cout));cout<<endl;
   return 0;
   }

   • bool operator < (const B & v) const { return val<v.val;}
   • bool operator > (const B & v) const { return val<v.val;}
   • bool operator > (const B & v) const { return val>v.val;}
   • bool operator == (const B & v) const { return val==v.val;}
   • operator int () const { return val; }

8. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code? Choose all that apply.

   #include <iostream>
   #include <fstream>
   #include <string>
   #include <list>
   #include <algorithm>
   #include <iomanip>
   using namespace std;
   template<class T>struct Out {
   ostream & out;
   Out(ostream & o): out(o){}
   void operator() (const T & val ) {out<<setw(3)<<hex<<val; } };
   int main () {
   int t[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
   fstream f(“test.out”, ios::trunc|ios::out);
   list<int> l(t, t+10);
   for_each(l.begin(), l.end(), Out<int>(f));
   f.close(); f.open(“test.out”);
   for( ; f.good() ; ) {
   int i; f>>i;
   cout<<i<<” “;
   }
   f.close();
   return 0;
   }

   • file test.out will be opened writing
   • file test.out will be truncated
   • file test.out will be opened for reading
   • no file will be created nor opened
   • program will display sequence 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

9. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

   #include <iostream>
   #include <algorithm>
   #include <map>
   using namespace std;

   int main() {
   int t[] = { 10, 5, 9, 6, 2, 4, 7, 8, 3, 1 };
   map<int, int> m;
   for(int i=0; i < 10; i++) {
   m[i]=t[i];
   }
   map<int, int>::iterator it = find(m.begin(), m.end(), 5);
   cout<<it?>first;
   return 0;
   }

   Program outputs:

   • 5
   • 4
   • 10
   • compilation error

10. Which changes introduced independently will allow the code to compile and display “one” “eight” “nine” “ten”? Choose all that apply.

    #include <iostream>
    #include <map>
    #include <string>
    using namespace std;
    class A {
    int a;
    public:
    A(int a):a(a){}
    int getA() const { return a;}
    /* Insert Code Here 1 */
    };
    /* Insert Code Here 2 */
    int main(){
    int t[] ={ 3, 4, 2, 1, 6, 5, 7, 9, 8, 10 };
    string s[] = {“three”, “four”, “two”, “one”, “six”,”five”, “seven”, “nine”,”eight”,”ten”};
    multimap<A,string> m;/* Replace Code Here 3 */
    for(int i=0; i<10; i++) {
    m.insert(pair<A,string>(A(t[i]),s[i]));
    }
    m.erase(m.lower_bound(2),m.upper_bound(7));
    multimap<A, string>::iterator i=m.begin();/* Replace Code Here 4 */
    for( ; i!= m.end(); i++) {
    cout<<i?>second<<” “;
    }
    cout<<endl;
    return 0;
    }

    • operator int() const { return a;} inserted at Place 1
    • bool operator < (const A & b) const { return a<b.a;} inserted at Place 1
    • bool operator < (const A & b) const { return b.a<a;} inserted at Place 1
    • struct R { bool operator ()(const A & a, const A & b) { return a.getA()<b.getA();} }; inserted at Place 2
      replacing line marked 3 with multimap<A, string, R> m;
      replacong line marked 4 with multimap<A, string, R>::iterator i=m.begin();

11. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

    #include <iostream>
    #include <string>

    using namespace std;

    template <class T>
    class A {
    T _v;
    public:
    A() {}
    A(T v): _v(v){}
    T getV() { return _v; }

    void add(T & a) { _v+=a; }

    void add(string & a) {
    _v.insert(0, a);
    }

    };

    int main()
    {
    A<string> a(“Hello”);
    string s(” world!”);
    a.add(s);
    cout << a.getV() <<endl;
    return 0;
    }

    • program will display: Hello world!
    • compilation error
    • program will display: world!Hello
    • program will run without any output

12. Given three files: class.h, class.cpp and main.cpp containing small C++ project, which sentences are TRUE if you attempt to compile and run the program? Assume that the whole compiling environment is properly set.

    // File: main.cpp
    #include <iostream>
    #include “class.h”
    using namespace std;

    int main()
    {
    A<int> a;
    cout << a.getV() << endl;
    return 0;
    }

    //File: class.h
    #ifndef _CLASS_
    #define _CLASS_
    template <class T>
    class A {
    T_v;
    public:
    A() {}
    A(T v);
    T getV();
    };
    #endif

    //File: class.cpp
    #include “class.h”

    template<typename T>
    A<T>::A(T v):_v(v) {}

    template<class T>
    T A<T>::getV() { return _v; }

    • program will display: 0
    • program will not compile
    • program will display unpredictable number
    • program will be not linked

13. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

    #include <iostream>
    #include <algorithm>
    #include <set>
    using namespace std;
    class A {
    int a;
    public:
    A(int a) : a(a) {}
    int getA() const { return a; } void setA(int a) { this?>a = a; }
    bool operator < (const A & b) const { return a<b.a;}
    };
    struct Compare {
    bool operator ()(A & a) {
    if (a.getA() < 5) return true;
    return false;
    }
    };
    int main () {
    int t[] = {1,2,3,2,3,5,1,2,7,3,2,1,10, 4,4,5};
    set<A> d (t,t+15);
    int number = count_if(d.begin(), d.end(), Compare());
    cout<< number<<endl;
    return 0;
    }

    Program outputs:

    • 12
    • 4
    • 2
    • 0
    • compilation error

14. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

    #include <vector>
    #include <iostream>
    #include <algorithm>

    using namespace std;
    template<class T>struct Out {
    ostream & out;
    Out(ostream & o): out(o){}
    void operator()(const T & val ) {
    out<<val<<” “; }};
    struct Sequence {
    int start;
    Sequence(int start):start(start){}
    int operator()() {
    return start++; } };
    int main() {
    vector<int> v1(10);
    vector<int> v2(10);
    generate(v1.begin(), v1.end(), Sequence(1));
    reverse_copy(v1.begin(),v1.end(), v2.rbegin());
    sort(v2.begin(), v2.end(), less_equal<int>());
    for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), Out<int>(cout) );cout<<endl;
    return 0;
    }

    Program outputs:

    • 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
    • 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
    • no output
    • compilation error

15. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

    #include <iostream>
    #include <algorithm>
    #include <vector>
    #include <set>
    using namespace std;

    int main() {
    int t[] = {1,2,3,2,3,5,1,2,7,3,2,1,10, 4,4,5};
    vector<int> v1(t, t + 15);
    set<int> s1(t, t + 15);

    pair<set<int>::iterator, vector<int>::iterator > resultSet = mismatch(s1.begin(), s1.end(), v1.begin());
    cout<<*resultSet.first<<” “<<*resultSet.second<<endl;

    return 0;
    }

    Program outputs:

    • 2 4
    • 4 2
    • 0 5
    • compilation error

16. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

    #include <iostream>
    #include <algorithm>
    #include <vector>
    #include <deque>
    #include <set>
    using namespace std;

    struct display {
    void operator() (int i) {cout << ” ” << i;}
    };

    int main() {
    int t[] = { 10, 5, 9, 6, 2, 4, 7, 8, 3, 1 };
    vector<int> v1(t, t + 10);
    deque<int> d1(t, t + 10);
    set<int> s1(t, t + 10);

    for_each(v1.begin(), v1.end(), display); //Line I

    for_each(d1.begin(), d1.end(), *(new display())); // Line II

    for_each(s1.begin(), s1.end(), display()); // Line III
    return 0;
    }

    • program outputs: 10 5 9 6 2 4 7 8 3 1 10 5 9 6 2 4 7 8 3 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
    • program outputs: 10 5 9 6 2 4 7 8 3 1 10 5 9 6 2 4 7 8 3 1 10 5 9 6 2 4 7 8 3 1
    • compilation error in line I
    • compilation error in line II
    • compilation error in line III

17. What will happen when you attempt to compile and run the code below, assuming that you enter the following sequence: 1.1 2.2 3.3<enter>?

    #include <iostream>
    #include <string>
    using namespace std;

    int main ()
    {
    int a,b,c;
    cin>>a>>b>>c;
    cout<<a<<b<<c<<endl;
    return 0;
    }

    Program will output:

    • 123
    • 1 2 3
    • 1.12.23.3
    • 1.1 2.2 3.3
    • none of these

18. Which changes introduced independently will allow the code to compile and display 0 0 1 1 8 8 9 9 (choose all that apply)?

    #include <iostream>
    #include <set>
    #include <vector>
    using namespace std;
    class A {
    int a;
    public:
    A(int a):a(a){}
    int getA() const { return a;}

    /* Insert Code Here 1 */
    };
    /* Insert Code Here 2*/

    int main(){
    A t[] ={ 3, 4, 2, 1, 6, 5, 7, 9, 8, 0 };
    set<A>s(t, t+10);/* Replace Code Here 3 */
    multiset<A> s1(s.begin(),s.end());/* Replace Code Here 4 */
    s1.insert(s.begin(),s.end());
    s1.erase(s1.lower_bound(2),s1.upper_bound(7));
    multiset<A>::iterator i=s1.begin();/* Replace Code Here 5 */
    for( ;i!= s1.end(); i++)
    {
    cout<<i?>getA()<<” “;
    }
    cout<<endl;
    return 0;
    }

    • operator int() const { return a;} inserted at Place 1
    • bool operator < (const A & b) const { return a<b.a;} inserted at Place 1
    • bool operator < (const A & b) const { return b.a<a;} inserted at Place 1
    • struct R { bool operator ()(const A & a, const A & b) { return a.getA()<b.getA();} }; inserted at Place 2
      replacing line marked 3 with set<A, R>s(t, t+10);
      replacing line marked 4 with multiset<A,R> s1(s.begin(),s.end());
      replacing line marked 5 with multiset<A,R>::iterator i=s1.begin();

19. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code?

    #include <vector>
    #include <iostream>
    #include <algorithm>
    using namespace std;
    class B { int val;
    public:
    B(int v):val(v){}
    int getV() const {return val;} bool operator > (const B & v) const { return val>v.val;} };
    ostream & operator <<(ostream & out, const B & v) { out<<v.getV(); return out;}
    template<class T>struct Out {
    ostream & out;
    Out(ostream & o): out(o){}
    void operator() (const T & val ) { out<<val<<” “; } };

    int main() {
    B t[]={3,2,4,1,5,10,9,7,8,6};
    vector<B> v1(t,t+10);
    sort(v1.begin(), v1.end(), greater<B>());
    cout<<*min_element(v1.begin(), v1.end());
    return 0;
    }

    Program outputs:

    • 3
    • 1
    • 6
    • 10
    • compilation error

20. What happens when you attempt to compile and run the following code? Choose all that apply.

    #include <iostream>
    #include <fstream>
    #include <string>
    #include <list>
    #include <algorithm>
    #include <iomanip>
    using namespace std;
    class B { int val;
    public:
    B(int v=0):val(v){}
    int getV() const {return val;}
    operator int() const { return val; };};

    template<class T>struct Out {
    ostream & out;
    Out(ostream & o): out(o){}
    void operator() (const T & val ) {out<<setw(3)<<hex<<val; } };

    int main () {
    int t[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
    fstream f(“test.out”, ios::trunc|ios::out);
    list<B> l(t, t+10);
    for_each(l.begin(), l.end(), Out<B>(f));
    f.close();
    f.open(“test.out”);
    for( ; f.good() ; ) {
    int i;
    f>>i;
    cout<<i<<” “;
    }
    f.close();
    return 0;
    }

    • file test.out will be opened writing
    • file test.out will be truncated
    • file test.out will be opened for reading
    • no file will be created nor opened
    • program will display sequence 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10