Cybersecurity Essentials 1.13 Chapter 3 Quiz Answers Full 100% 2023 2024

Cybersecurity Essentials 1.13 – Chapter 3: Cybersecurity Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Attacks Quiz Answers Full 100% 2023 2024

Chapter 3: Cybersecurity Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Attacks

1. What is a vulnerability that allows criminals to inject scripts into web pages viewed by users?

   • buffer overflow
   • SQL injection
   • XML injection
   • Cross-site scripting
     

     Explanation: Cross-site scripting (XSS) allows criminals to inject scripts that contain malicious code into web applications.

2. What type of attack targets an SQL database using the input field of a user?

   • buffer overflow
   • SQL injection
   • XML injection
   • Cross-site scripting
     

     Explanation: A criminal can insert a malicious SQL statement in an entry field on a website where the system does not filter the user input correctly.

3. Which two reasons describe why WEP is a weak protocol? (Choose two.)

   • WEP uses the same encryption features as Bluetooth.
   • Everyone on the network uses a different key.
   • The key is static and repeats on a congested network.
   • The default settings cannot be modified.
   • The key is transmitted in clear text.
     

     Explanation: The initialization vector (IV) of WEP is as follows: Is a 24-bit field, which is too small Is cleartext and readable Is static and causes identical key streams to repeat on a busy network

4. What is the difference between a virus and a worm?

   • Viruses hide in legitimate programs but worms do not.
   • Worms self-replicate but viruses do not.
   • Viruses self-replicate but worms do not.
   • Worms require a host file but viruses do not.
     

     Explanation: Worms are able to self-replicate and exploit vulnerabilities on computer networks without user participation.

5. A criminal is using software to obtain information about the computer of a user. What is the name of this type of software?

   • phishing
   • adware
   • spyware
   • virus
     

     Explanation: Spyware is software that tracks the activity of a user and obtains information about that user.

6. What is the meaning of the term logic bomb?

   • a malicious worm
   • a malicious program that uses a trigger to awaken the malicious code
   • a malicious virus
   • a malicious program that hides itself in a legitimate program
     

     Explanation: A logic bomb remains inactive until a trigger event occurs. Once activated, a logic bomb runs malicious code that causes harm to a computer.

7. What is the term used when a malicious party sends a fraudulent email disguised as being from a legitimate, trusted source?

   • Trojan
   • vishing
   • phishing
   • backdoor
   • social engineering
     

     Explanation: Phishing is used by malicious parties who create fraudulent messages that attempt to trick a user into either sharing sensitive information or installing malware.

8. What are two ways to protect a computer from malware? (Choose two.)

   • Empty the browser cache.
   • Use antivirus software.
   • Delete unused software.
   • Keep software up to date.
   • Defragment the hard disk.
     

     Explanation: At a minimum, a computer should use antivirus software and have all software up to date to defend against malware.

9. What occurs on a computer when data goes beyond the limits of a buffer?

   • a buffer overflow
   • a system exception
   • an SQL injection
   • cross-site scripting
     

     Explanation: A buffer overflow occurs by changing data beyond the boundaries of a buffer and can lead to a system crash, data compromise, or cause escalation of privileges.

10. What is the term used to describe an email that is targeting a specific person employed at a financial institution?

    • spam
    • vishing
    • spear phishing
    • target phishing
    • spyware
      

      Explanation: Spear phishing is a phishing attack customized to reach a specific person or target.

11. An attacker is sitting in front of a store and wirelessly copies emails and contact lists from nearby unsuspecting user devices. What type of attack is this?

    • RF jamming
    • smishing
    • bluejacking
    • bluesnarfing
      

      Explanation: Blusnarfing is the copying of user information through unauthorized Bluetooth transmissions.

12. What are two of the tactics used by a social engineer to obtain personal information from an unsuspecting target? (Choose two.)

    • intimidation
    • compassion
    • honesty
    • urgency
    • integrity
      

      Explanation: Social engineering tactics include the following: Authority Intimidation Consensus/Social Proof Scarcity Urgency Familiarity/Liking Trust

13. What are two common indicators of spam mail? (Choose two.)

    • The email has keywords in it.
    • The email has misspelled words or punctuation errors or both.
    • The email is from your supervisor.
    • The email is from a friend.
    • The email has no subject line.
    • The email has an attachment that is a receipt for a recent purchase.
      

      Explanation: Spam is a common method of advertising through the use of unsolicited email and may contain malware.

14. Which term describes the sending of a short deceptive SMS message used to trick a target into visiting a website?

    • spam
    • smishing
    • grayware
    • impersonation
      

      Explanation: Smishing is also known as SMS phishing and is used to send deceptive text messages to trick a user into calling a phone number or visiting a specific website.

15. A computer is presenting a user with a screen requesting payment before the user data is allowed to be accessed by the same user. What type of malware is this?

    • a type of logic bomb
    • a type of virus
    • a type of worm
    • a type of ransomware
      

      Explanation: Ransomware commonly encrypts data on a computer and makes the data unavailable until the computer user pays a specific sum of money.

16. What is the name for the type of software that generates revenue by generating annoying pop-ups?

    • spyware
    • trackers
    • pop-ups
    • adware
      

      Explanation: Adware is a type of malware that displays pop-ups on a computer to generate revenue for the creator of the malware.

17. What does a rootkit modify?

    • Microsoft Word
    • Notepad
    • screen savers
    • programs
    • operating system
      

      Explanation: A rootkit commonly modifies an operating system to create a backdoor to bypass normal authentication mechanisms.

18. What is the name given to a program or program code that bypasses normal authentication?

    • virus
    • worm
    • ransomware
    • Trojan
    • backdoor
      

      Explanation: A backdoor is a program or program code implemented by a criminal to bypass the normal authentication that is used to access a system.