98-361 : Software Development Fundamentals : Part 07

98-361 : Software Development Fundamentals : Part 07

1. You are developing a webpage that enables students to manage races.

   The webpage will display two lists: past races and upcoming races. The page also contains a sidebar with contact information and a panel with social media settings that can be edited. Race results can be shared on social media.

   How many components will be on the webpage?

   • 2
   • 3
   • 4
   • 5

2. This question requires that you evaluate the underlined text to determine if it is correct.

   Converting a value type to a reference type in an object is called boxing.

   Select the correct answer if the underlined text does not make the statement correct. Select “No change is needed” if the underlined text makes the statement correct.

   • No change is needed
   • unboxing
   • interfacing
   • mapping
   Explanation:

   Boxing is an implicit conversion of a Value Types (C# Reference) to the type object or to any interface type implemented by this value type.

3. The Dog class and the Cat class inherit from the Animal class. The Animal class includes a breathe() method and a speak() method. If the speak() method is called from an object of type Dog, the result is a bark. If the speak() method is called from an object of type Cat, the result is a meow.

   Which term is used to describe this object-oriented concept?

   • multiple inheritance
   • polymorphism
   • data hiding
   • encapsulation
   Explanation:

   Polymorphism is often referred to as the third pillar of object-oriented programming, after encapsulation and inheritance. Polymorphism is a Greek word that means “many-shaped” and it has two distinct aspects:
   * At run time, objects of a derived class may be treated as objects of a base class in places such as method parameters and collections or arrays. When this occurs, the object’s declared type is no longer identical to its run-time type.

   * Base classes may define and implement virtual methods, and derived classes can override them, which means they provide their own definition and implementation. At run-time, when client code calls the method, the CLR looks up the run-time type of the object, and invokes that override of the virtual method. Thus in your source code you can call a method on a base class, and cause a derived class’s version of the method to be executed.

4. HOTSPOT

   For each of the following statements, select Yes if the statement is true. Otherwise, select No. Each correct selection is worth one point.

   

   

5. This question requires that you evaluate the underlined text to determine if it is correct.

   A data dictionary that describes the structure of a database is called metadata.

   Select the correct answer if the underlined text does not make the statement correct. Select “No change is needed” if the underlined text makes the statement correct.

   • No change is needed
   • normalization
   • a database management system (DBMS)
   • metacontent

6. You are reviewing a design for a database. A portion of this design is shown in the exhibit. Note that you may choose to view either the Crow’s Foot Notation or Chen Notation version of the design. (To view the Crow’s Foot Notation, click the Exhibit A button. To view the Chen Notation, click the Exhibit B button.)

   

   

   Which term is used to describe the relationship between Customer and Order?

   • many-to-many
   • one-to-many
   • one-dimensional
   • one-to-one
   • multi-dimensional
   Explanation:

   A customer can have many orders.

7. This question requires that you evaluate the underlined text to determine if it is correct.

   To improve performance, a SQL SELECT statement should use indexes.

   Select the correct answer if the underlined text does not make the statement correct. Select “No change is needed” if the underlined text makes the statement correct.

   • No change is needed
   • joins
   • grouping
   • ordering

8. You are building a web application that enables international exchange students to schedule phone calls with their prospective schools.

   The application allows students to indicate a preferred date and time for phone calls. Students may indicate no preferred time by leaving the date and time field empty. The application must support multiple time zones.

   Which data type should you use to record the student’s preferred date and time?

   • uLong?
   • DateTime
   • SByte
   • DateTimeOffset?
   Explanation:

   datetimeoffset: Defines a date that is combined with a time of a day that has time zone awareness and is based on a 24-hour clock.

   Incorrect:
   DateTime: Defines a date that is combined with a time of day with fractional seconds that is based on a 24-hour clock.
   sByte: The sbyte keyword indicates an integral type that stores values in the range of -128 to 127.

9. Which three items are benefits of encapsulation? (Choose three.)

   • maintainability
   • flexibility
   • restricted access
   • inheritance
   • performance
   Explanation:

   Encapsulation is the packing of data and functions into a single component.
   In programming languages, encapsulation is used to refer to one of two related but distinct notions, and sometimes to the combination thereof:
   * A language mechanism for restricting access to some of the object’s components.
   * A language construct that facilitates the bundling of data with the methods (or other functions) operating on that data.

   Incorrect:
   not D: Encapsulation is one of the four fundamental OOP concepts. The other three are inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

10. This question requires that you evaluate the underlined text to determine if it is correct.

    When a base class declares a method as virtual, the method is hidden from implementation bv a derived class.

    Select the correct answer if the underlined text does not make the statement correct. Select “No change is needed” if the underlined text makes the statement correct.

    • No change is needed
    • can be overridden with its own implementation by a derived class
    • must be overridden in any non-abstract class that directly inherits from that class
    • cannot be overridden with its own implementation by a derived class
    Explanation:

    The implementation of a non-virtual method is invariant: The implementation is the same whether the method is invoked on an instance of the class in which it is declared or an instance of a derived class. In contrast, the implementation of a virtual method can be superseded by derived classes. The process of superseding the implementation of an inherited virtual method is known as overriding that method.

11. This question requires that you evaluate the underlined text to determine if it is correct.

    The process of transforming compiled C# code into an XML string for a web service is known as deserialization.

    Select the correct answer if the underlined text does not make the statement correct. Select “No change is needed” if the underlined text makes the statement correct.

    • No change is needed
    • serialization
    • decoding
    • encoding
    Explanation:

    Serialization is the process of converting an object into a stream of bytes in order to store the object or transmit it to memory, a database, or a file. Its main purpose is to save the state of an object in order to be able to recreate it when needed.

    Serialization allows the developer to save the state of an object and recreate it as needed, providing storage of objects as well as data exchange. Through serialization, a developer can perform actions like sending the object to a remote application by means of a Web Service, passing an object from one domain to another, passing an object through a firewall as an XML string, or maintaining security or user-specific information across applications.

12. HOTSPOT

    For each of the following statements, select Yes if the statement is true. Otherwise, select No. Each correct selection is worth one point.

    

    

13. You have a Microsoft ASP.NET web application.

    You need to store a value that can be shared across users on the server.

    Which type of state management should you use?

    • Session
    • ViewState
    • Application
    • Cookies
    Explanation:

    Application state is a data repository available to all classes in an ASP.NET application. Application state is stored in memory on the server and is faster than storing and retrieving information in a database. Unlike session state, which is specific to a single user session, application state applies to all users and sessions. Therefore, application state is a useful place to store small amounts of often-used data that does not change from one user to another.

    Incorrect:
    not A: Session State contains information that is pertaining to a specific session (by a particular client/browser/machine) with the server. It’s a way to track what the user is doing on the site.. across multiple pages…amid the statelessness of the Web. e.g. the contents of a particular user’s shopping cart is session data. Cookies can be used for session state.
    Not B: Viewstate is a state management technique in asp.net. ASP.NET Viewstate is preserving the data between the requests or postbacks and stored in hidden fields on the page.

14. This question requires that you evaluate the underlined text to determine if it is correct.

    The Response.Redirect method is used to transfer processing of the current page to a new page, and then return processing back to the calling page once processing of the new page has completed.

    Select the correct answer if the underlined text does not make the statement correct. Select “No change is needed” if the underlined text makes the statement correct.

    • No change is needed
    • Server.Transfer method
    • Server.Execute method
    • meta http-equiv=”refresh” tag
    Explanation:

    The Execute method calls an .asp file, and processes it as if it were part of the calling ASP script. The Execute method is similar to a procedure call in many programming languages.

    Incorrect:
    * Response.Redirect Method
    The Redirect method causes the browser to redirect the client to a different URL.

    * The Server.Transfer method sends all of the information that has been assembled for processing by one .asp file to a second .asp file.

15. You are creating an application for a priority help desk center. The most recent call must be handled first.

    Which data structure should you use?

    • queue
    • hashtable
    • stack
    • binary tree
    Explanation:

    In computer science, a stack is a particular kind of abstract data type or collection in which the principal (or only) operations on the collection are the addition of an entity to the collection, known as push and removal of an entity, known as pop. The relation between the push and pop operations is such that the stack is a Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) data structure. In a LIFO data structure, the last element added to the structure must be the first one to be removed.

16. HOTSPOT

    For each of the following statements, select Yes if the statement is true. Otherwise, select No. Each correct selection is worth one point.

    

    

17. You plan to create an application for your company. The application will run automated routines and write the results to a text-based log file. Little or no user interaction is required.

    Security requirements on the host computers prevent you from running applications on startup, and users must be able to see the status easily on the screen. The host computers also have limited memory and monitors that display only two colors. These computers will have no network connectivity.

    Which type of application should you use for this environment?

    • Directx
    • Windows Service
    • console-based
    • Windows Store app
    Explanation:

    Building Console Applications
    Applications in the .NET Framework can use the System.Console class to read characters from and write characters to the console. Data from the console is read from the standard input stream, data to the console is written to the standard output stream, and error data to the console is written to the standard error output stream.

18. You execute the following code.

    

    How many times will the word Hello be printed?

    • 5
    • 6
    • 10
    • 12

19. You execute the following code.

    

    What will the variable iResult be?

    • 0
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3

20. You are creating a variable for an application.

    You need to store data that has the following characteristics in this variable:
    – Consists of numbers and characters
    – Includes numbers that have decimal points

    Which data type should you use?

    • Decimal
    • Char
    • String
    • Single
    Explanation:

    Need a string to store characters.