AZ-400 : Microsoft Azure DevOps Solutions : Part 07

AZ-400 : Microsoft Azure DevOps Solutions : Part 07

1. DRAG DROP

   You need to find and isolate shared code. The shared code will be maintained in a series of packages.

   Which three actions should you perform in sequence? To answer, move the appropriate actions from the list of actions to the answer area and arrange them in the correct order.

   

   

   Explanation:

   Step 1: Create a dependency graph for the application
   By linking work items and other objects, you can track related work, dependencies, and changes made over time. All links are defined with a specific link type. For example, you can use Parent/Child links to link work items to support a hierarchical tree structure. Whereas, the Commit and Branch link types support links between work items and commits and branches, respectively.

   Step 2: Group the related components.
   Packages enable you to share code across your organization: you can compose a large product, develop multiple products based on a common shared framework, or create and share reusable components and libraries.

   Step 3: Assign ownership to each component graph

2. DRAG DROP

   You are creating a NuGet package.

   You plan to distribute the package to your development team privately.

   You need to share the package and test that the package can be consumed.

   Which four actions should you perform in sequence? To answer, move the appropriate actions from the list of actions to the answer area and arrange them in the correct order.

   

   

   Explanation:

   Step 1: Configure a self-hosted agent.
   The build will run on a Microsoft hosted agent.

   Step 2: Create a new Azure Artifacts feed
   Microsoft offers an official extension for publishing and managing your private NuGet feeds.

   Step 3: Publish the package.
   Publish, pack and push the built project to your NuGet feed.

   Step 4: Connect to an Azure Artifacts feed.
   With the package now available, you can point Visual Studio to the feed, and download the newly published package

3. During a code review, you discover many quality issues. Many modules contain unused variables and empty catch blocks.

   You need to recommend a solution to improve the quality of the code.

   What should you recommend?

   • In a Grunt build task, select Enabled from Control Options.
   • In a Maven build task, select Run PMD.
   • In a Xcode build task, select Use xcpretty from Advanced.
   • In a Gradle build task, select Run Checkstyle.
   Explanation:

   PMD is a source code analyzer. It finds common programming flaws like unused variables, empty catch blocks, unnecessary object creation, and so forth.

   There is an Apache Maven PMD Plugin which allows you to automatically run the PMD code analysis tool on your project’s source code and generate a site report with its results.

   Incorrect Answers:
   C: xcpretty is a fast and flexible formatter for xcodebuild.

4. Your development team is building a new web solution by using the Microsoft Visual Studio integrated development environment (IDE).

   You need to make a custom package available to all the developers. The package must be managed centrally, and the latest version must be available for consumption in Visual Studio automatically.

   Which three actions should you perform? Each correct answer presents part of the solution.

   NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.

   • Publish the package to a feed.
   • Create a new feed in Azure Artifacts.
   • Upload a package to a Git repository.
   • Add the package URL to the Environment settings in Visual Studio.
   • Add the package URL to the NuGet Package Manager settings in Visual Studio.
   • Create a Git repository in Azure Repos.
   Explanation:

   B: By using your custom NuGet package feed within your Azure DevOps (previously VSTS) instance, you’ll be able to distribute your packages within your organization with ease.
   Start by creating a new feed.

   A: We can publish, pack and push the built project to our NuGet feed.

   E: Consume your private NuGet Feed
   Go back to the Packages area in Azure DevOps, select your feed and hit “Connect to feed”. You’ll see some instructions for your feed, but it’s fairly simple to set up.

   Just copy your package source URL, go to Visual Studio, open the NuGet Package Manager, go to its settings and add a new source. Choose a fancy name, insert the source URL. Done.

   Search for your package in the NuGet Package Manager and it should appear there, ready for installation. Make sure to select the appropriate feed (or just all feeds) from the top right select box.

5. You use GitHub for source control.

   A file that contains sensitive data is committed accidentally to the Git repository of a project.

   You need to delete the file and its history form the repository.

   Which two tools can you use? Each correct answer presents a complete solution.

   NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.

   • the git filter-branch command
   • BFG Repo-Cleaner
   • the git rebase command
   • GitHub Desktop
   Explanation:
   To entirely remove unwanted files from a repository’s history you can use either the git filter-branch command or the BFG Repo-Cleaner open source tool.

6. Your company uses GitHub for source control. The company has a team that performs code reviews.

   You need to automate the assignment of the code reviews. The solution must meet the following requirements:

   – Prioritize the assignment of code reviews to team members who have the fewest outstanding assignments.
   – Ensure that each team member performs an equal number of code reviews in any 30-day period.
   – Prevent the assignment of code reviews to the team leader.

   Which two actions should you perform? Each correct answer presents part of the solution.

   NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.

   • Clear Never assign certain team members.
   • Select If assigning team members, don’t notify the entire team.
   • Select Never assign certain team members.
   • Set Routing algorithm to Round robin.
   • Set Routing algorithm to Load balance.
   Explanation:

   A: To always skip certain members of the team, select Never assign certain team members. Then, select one or more team members you’d like to always skip. In this case select the team leader.

   E: The load balance algorithm chooses reviewers based on each member’s total number of recent review requests and considers the number of outstanding reviews for each member. The load balance algorithm tries to ensure that each team member reviews an equal number of pull requests in any 30 day period.

   Incorrect Answers:
   D: The round robin algorithm chooses reviewers based on who’s received the least recent review request, focusing on alternating between all members of the team regardless of the number of outstanding reviews they currently have.

7. You have a GitHub repository.

   You create a new repository in Azure DevOps.

   You need to recommend a procedure to clone the repository from GitHub to Azure DevOps.

   What should you recommend?

   • Create a pull request.
   • Create a webhook.
   • Create a service connection for GitHub.
   • From Import a Git repository, click Import.
   • Create a personal access token in Azure DevOps.
   Explanation:

   You can import an existing Git repo from GitHub, Bitbucket, GitLab, or other location into a new or empty existing repo in your project in Azure DevOps.

   Import into a new repo
   – Select Repos, Files.
   – From the repo drop-down, select Import repository.
   – If the source repo is publicly available, just enter the clone URL of the source repository and a name for your new Git repository.

8. Note: This question is part of a series of questions that present the same scenario. Each question in the series contains a unique solution that might meet the stated goals. Some question sets might have more than one correct solution, while others might not have a correct solution.

   After you answer a question in this section, you will NOT be able to return to it. As a result, these questions will not appear in the review screen.

   The lead developer at your company reports that adding new application features takes longer than expected due to a large accumulated technical debt.

   You need to recommend changes to reduce the accumulated technical debt.

   Solution: You recommend increasing the code duplication.

   Does this meet the goal?

   • Yes
   • No
   Explanation:

   Instead reduce the code complexity.

   Note: Technical debt is the accumulation of sub-optimal technical decisions made over the lifetime of an application. Eventually, it gets harder and harder to change things: it’s the ‘sand in the gears’ that sees IT initiatives grind to a halt.

9. Note: This question is part of a series of questions that present the same scenario. Each question in the series contains a unique solution that might meet the stated goals. Some question sets might have more than one correct solution, while others might not have a correct solution.

   After you answer a question in this section, you will NOT be able to return to it. As a result, these questions will not appear in the review screen.

   The lead developer at your company reports that adding new application features takes longer than expected due to a large accumulated technical debt.

   You need to recommend changes to reduce the accumulated technical debt.

   Solution: You recommend increasing the test coverage.

   Does this meet the goal?

   • Yes
   • No
   Explanation:

   Instead reduce the code complexity.

   Note: Technical debt is the accumulation of sub-optimal technical decisions made over the lifetime of an application. Eventually, it gets harder and harder to change things: it’s the ‘sand in the gears’ that sees IT initiatives grind to a halt.

10. Note: This question is part of a series of questions that present the same scenario. Each question in the series contains a unique solution that might meet the stated goals. Some question sets might have more than one correct solution, while others might not have a correct solution.

    After you answer a question in this section, you will NOT be able to return to it. As a result, these questions will not appear in the review screen.

    The lead developer at your company reports that adding new application features takes longer than expected due to a large accumulated technical debt.

    You need to recommend changes to reduce the accumulated technical debt.

    Solution: You recommend reducing the code complexity.

    Does this meet the goal?

    • Yes
    • No
    Explanation:

    Note: Technical debt is the accumulation of sub-optimal technical decisions made over the lifetime of an application. Eventually, it gets harder and harder to change things: it’s the ‘sand in the gears’ that sees IT initiatives grind to a halt.

11. During a code review, you discover quality issues in a Java application.

    You need to recommend a solution to detect quality issues including unused variables and empty catch blocks.

    What should you recommend?

    • In a Maven build task, select Run PMD.
    • In an Xcode build task, select Use xcpretty from Advanced.
    • In a Gulp build task, specify a custom condition expression.
    • In a Grunt build task, select Enabled from Control Options.
    Explanation:

    PMD is a source code analyzer. It finds common programming flaws like unused variables, empty catch blocks, unnecessary object creation, and so forth.

    There is an Apache Maven PMD Plugin which allows you to automatically run the PMD code analysis tool on your project’s source code and generate a site report with its results.

    Incorrect Answers:
    B: xcpretty is a fast and flexible formatter for xcodebuild.

12. This is a case study. Case studies are not timed separately. You can use as much exam time as you would like to complete each case. However, there may be additional case studies and sections on this exam. You must manage your time to ensure that you are able to complete all questions included on this exam in the time provided.

    To answer the questions included in a case study, you will need to reference information that is provided in the case study. Case studies might contain exhibits and other resources that provide more information about the scenario that is described in the case study. Each question is independent of the other questions in this case study.

    At the end of this case study, a review screen will appear. This screen allows you to review your answers and to make changes before you move to the next section of the exam. After you begin a new section, you cannot return to this section.

    To start the case study
    To display the first question in this case study, click the Next button. Use the buttons in the left pane to explore the content of the case study before you answer the questions. Clicking these buttons displays information such as business requirements, existing environment, and problem statements. If the case study has an All Information tab, note that the information displayed is identical to the information displayed on the subsequent tabs. When you are ready to answer a question, click the Question button to return to the question.

    Overview

    General Overview

    Woodgrove Bank is a financial services company that has a main office in the United Kingdom.

    Technical Requirements and Planned Changes

    Planned Changes

    Woodgrove Bank plans to implement the following project management changes:

    – Implement Azure DevOps for project tracking.
    – Centralize source code control in private GitHub repositories.
    – Implement Azure Pipelines for build pipelines and release pipelines.

    Woodgrove Bank plans to implement the following changes to the identity environment:

    – Deploy an Azure AD tenant named woodgrovebank.com.
    – Sync the Active Directory domain to Azure AD.
    – Configure App1 to use a service principal.
    – Integrate GitHub with Azure AD.

    Woodgrove Bank plans to implement the following changes to the core apps:

    – Migrate App1 to ASP.NET Core.
    – Integrate Azure Pipelines and the third-party build tool used to develop App2.

    Woodgrove Bank plans to implement the following changes to the DevOps environment:

    Deploy App1 to Azure App Service.
    – Implement source control for the DB1 schema.
    – Migrate all the source code from TFS1 to GitHub.
    – Deploy App2 to an Azure virtual machine named VM1.
    – Merge the POC branch into the GitHub default branch.
    – Implement an Azure DevOps dashboard for stakeholders to monitor development progress.

    Technical Requirements

    Woodgrove Bank identifies the following technical requirements:

    – The initial databases for new environments must contain both schema and reference data.
    – An Azure Monitor alert for VM1 must be configured to meet the following requirements:
        – Be triggered when average CPU usage exceeds 80 percent for 15 minutes.
        – Calculate CPU usage averages once every minute.
    – The commit history of the POC branch must replace the history of the default branch.
    – The Azure DevOps dashboard must display the metrics shown in the following table.

    

    – Access to Azure DevOps must be restricted to specific IP addresses.
    – Page load times for App1 must be captured and monitored.
    – Administrative effort must be minimized.

    1. DRAG DROP

       You need to replace the existing DevOps tools to support the planned changes.

       What should you use? To answer, drag the appropriate tools to the correct targets. Each tool may be used once, more than once, or not at all. You may need to drag the split bar between panes or scroll to view content.

       NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.

       

       

        
       Explanation:

       Box 1: Azure Boards
       Azure Boards can be used to track work with Kanban boards, backlogs, team dashboards, and custom reporting

       You can create multiple Trello boards, which are spaces to store tasks (for different work contexts, or even private boards)
       You can easily share Trello boards with another person.

       Box 2: Azure Pipelines
       You can use Bamboo to implement CI/CD (Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery) for a simple Azure function app using Atlassian Bamboo. Bamboo does continuous delivery of the project from source code to deployment. It has stages including Build, Test and Deploy.

       Software teams in every industry are upgrading their continuous delivery pipeline with Bamboo. Easy build import from popular open source tools, user and group import from JIRA, seamless integration with Bitbucket, and native support for Git, Hg, and SVN means you’ll be building and deploying like a champ.

       Box 3: GitHub repositories
       Bitbucket can be used as the Git repository, but you can use any other Git repository (Like TFS Git) for source control of the code.

13. Your company plans to use an agile approach to software development.

    You need to recommend an application to provide communication between members of the development team who work in locations around the world. The applications must meet the following requirements:

    – Provide the ability to isolate the members of different project teams into separate communication channels and to keep a history of the chats within those channels.
    – Be available on Windows 10, Mac OS, iOS, and Android operating systems.
    – Provide the ability to add external contractors and suppliers to projects.
    – Integrate directly with Azure DevOps.

    What should you recommend?

    • Skype for Business
    • Bamboo
    • Octopus
    • Slack
    Explanation:

    Slack is a popular team collaboration service that helps teams be more productive by keeping all communications in one place and easily searchable from virtually anywhere. All your messages, your files, and everything from Twitter, Dropbox, Google Docs, Azure DevOps, and more all together. Slack also has fully native apps for iOS and Android to give you the full functionality of Slack wherever you go.
    Integrated with Azure DevOps
    This integration keeps your team informed of activity happening in its Azure DevOps projects. With this integration, code check-ins, pull requests, work item updates, and build events show up directly in your team’s Slack channel.

    Note: Microsoft Teams would also be a correct answer, but it is not an option here.

14. Your company has 60 developers who are assigned to four teams. Each team has 15 members.

    The company uses an agile development methodology.

    You need to structure the work of the development teams so that each team owns their respective work while working together to reach a common goal.

    Which parts of the taxonomy should you enable the team to perform autonomously?

    • Features and Tasks
    • Initiatives and Epics
    • Epics and Features
    • Stories and Tasks
    Explanation:

    A feature typically represents a shippable component of software.

    Features, examples:
    – Add view options to the new work hub
    – Add mobile shopping cart
    – Support text alerts
    – Refresh the web portal with new look and feel

    User Stories and Tasks are used to track work. Teams can choose how they track bugs, either as requirements or as tasks

    Incorrect Answers:
    B, C: An epic represents a business initiative to be accomplished.
    Epics, examples:
    – Increase customer engagement
    – Improve and simplify the user experience
    – Implement new architecture to improve performance
    – Engineer the application to support future growth
    – Support integration with external services
    – Support mobile apps

15. Your company creates a new Azure DevOps team.

    You plan to use Azure DevOps for sprint planning.

    You need to visualize the flow of your work by using an agile methodology.

    Which Azure DevOps component should you use?

    • Kanban boards
    • sprint planning
    • delivery plans
    • portfolio backlogs
    Explanation:
    Customizing Kanban boards
    To maximize a team’s ability to consistently deliver high quality software, Kanban emphasize two main practices. The first, visualize the flow of work, requires you to map your team’s workflow stages and configure your Kanban board to match. Your Kanban board turns your backlog into an interactive signboard, providing a visual flow of work.

16. Your company implements an Agile development methodology.

    You plan to implement retrospectives at the end of each sprint.

    Which three questions should you include? Each correct answer presents part of the solution.

    NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.

    • Who performed well?
    • Who should have performed better?
    • What could have gone better?
    • What went well?
    • What should we try next?
    Explanation:

    Sprint retrospective meetings
    The sprint retrospective meeting typically occurs on the last day of the sprint, after the sprint review meeting. In this meeting, your team explores its execution of Scrum and what might need tweaking.

    Based on discussions, your team might decide to change one or more processes to improve its own effectiveness, productivity, quality, and satisfaction. This meeting and the resulting improvements are critical to the agile principle of self-organization.

    Look to address these areas during your team sprint retrospectives:
    – Issues that affected your team’s general effectiveness, productivity, and quality.
    – Elements that impacted your team’s overall satisfaction and project flow.
    – What happened to cause incomplete backlog items? What actions will the team take to prevent these issues in the future?

17. Your team uses an agile development approach.

    You need to recommend a branching strategy for the team’s Git repository. The strategy must meet the following requirements.

    – Provide the ability to work on multiple independent tasks in parallel.
    – Ensure that checked-in code remains in a releasable state always.
    – Ensure that new features can be abandoned at any time.
    – Encourage experimentation.

    What should you recommend?

    • a single long-running branch without forking
    • multiple long-running branches
    • a single fork per team member
    • a single long-running branch with multiple short-lived feature branches
    Explanation:
    Topic/feature branches, however, are useful in projects of any size. A topic branch is a short-lived branch that you create and use for a single particular feature or related work. This is something you’ve likely never done with a VCS before because it’s generally too expensive to create and merge branches. But in Git it’s common to create, work on, merge, and delete branches several times a day.

18. Note: This question is part of a series of questions that present the same scenario. Each question in the series contains a unique solution that might meet the stated goals. Some question sets might have more than one correct solution, while others might not have a correct solution.

    After you answer a question in this section, you will NOT be able to return to it. As a result, these questions will not appear in the review screen.

    You integrate a cloud-hosted Jenkins server and a new Azure DevOps deployment.

    You need Azure DevOps to send a notification to Jenkins when a developer commits changes to a branch in Azure Repos.

    Solution: You create a service hook subscription that uses the build completed event.

    Does this meet the goal?

    • Yes
    • No
    Explanation:
    You can create a service hook for Azure DevOps Services and TFS with Jenkins.
    However, the service subscription event should use the code pushed event, is triggered when the code is pushed to a Git repository.

19. Note: This question is part of a series of questions that present the same scenario. Each question in the series contains a unique solution that might meet the stated goals. Some question sets might have more than one correct solution, while others might not have a correct solution.

    After you answer a question in this section, you will NOT be able to return to it. As a result, these questions will not appear in the review screen.

    You integrate a cloud-hosted Jenkins server and a new Azure DevOps deployment.

    You need Azure DevOps to send a notification to Jenkins when a developer commits changes to a branch in Azure Repos.

    Solution: You create an email subscription to an Azure DevOps notification.

    Does this meet the goal?

    • Yes
    • No
    Explanation:
    You can create a service hook for Azure DevOps Services and TFS with Jenkins.

20. Note: This question is part of a series of questions that present the same scenario. Each question in the series contains a unique solution that might meet the stated goals. Some question sets might have more than one correct solution, while others might not have a correct solution.

    After you answer a question in this section, you will NOT be able to return to it. As a result, these questions will not appear in the review screen.

    You integrate a cloud-hosted Jenkins server and a new Azure DevOps deployment.

    You need Azure DevOps to send a notification to Jenkins when a developer commits changes to a branch in Azure Repos.

    Solution: You create a service hook subscription that uses the code pushed event.

    Does this meet the goal?

    • Yes
    • No
    Explanation:
    You can create a service hook for Azure DevOps Services and TFS with Jenkins.
    The code push event is triggered when the code is pushed to a Git repository.