Can you identify the software vulnerability from the following descriptions?

Buffer overflow is a type of software vulnerability that occurs when more data is written to a buffer than it can handle. A buffer is a temporary storage area that holds data while it is being transferred from one place to another. If the buffer is not properly managed by the software, it can be overflowed with data that exceeds its capacity, causing it to overwrite other areas of memory. This can cause a crash or unexpected behavior of the software, and in some cases, can be exploited by attackers to execute malicious code.
Race Condition is a type of software vulnerability that occurs when the proper sequencing of events or the allocation of shared resources in a system is disrupted due to the order and timing of external events, leading to unintended or unexpected behavior. This can occur when multiple processes or threads try to access and modify the same shared resource simultaneously, leading to conflicts and data inconsistencies. Race Conditions can be exploited by attackers to execute malicious code, modify data or gain unauthorized access to systems.
Access control refers to the practice of restricting access to resources or information only to those who are authorized to use it. It involves implementing security policies, procedures, and technical controls to manage who can access what resources and how they can access them. Access control is important in preventing unauthorized access to sensitive information, systems, and facilities, and in ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. Access control can be implemented through various mechanisms such as user authentication, authorization, and access management tools such as firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and encryption.