4.5.2 Lab – Implement Inter-VLAN Routing Answers

Lab – Implement Inter-VLAN Routing (Answers Version)

Answers Note: Red font color or gray highlights indicate text that appears in the Answers copy only.

Topology

Addressing Table

VLAN Table

Objectives

Part 1: Build the Network and Configure Basic Device Settings

Part 2: Create VLANs and Assign Switch Ports

Part 3: Configure an 802.1Q Trunk between the Switches

Part 4: Configure Inter-VLAN Routing on the Router

Part 5: Verify Inter-VLAN Routing is working

Background / Scenario

Modern switches use virtual local-area networks (VLANs) to improve network performance by separating large Layer 2 broadcast domains into smaller ones. VLANs can also be used as a security measure by separating sensitive data traffic from the rest of the network. In general, VLANs make it easier to design a network to support the goals of an organization. Communication between VLANs requires a device operating at Layer 3 of the OSI model. Adding an inter-VLAN router allows the organization to segregate and separate broadcast domains while simultaneously allowing them to communicate with each other.

VLAN trunks are used to span VLANs across multiple devices. Trunks allow the traffic from multiple VLANs to travel over a single link, while keeping the VLAN identification and segmentation intact. A particular kind of inter-VLAN routing, called “Router-on-a-Stick”, uses a trunk from the router to the switch to enable all VLANs to pass to the router.

In this lab, you will create VLANs on both switches in the topology, assign VLANs to switch access ports, verify that VLANs are working as expected, create VLAN trunks between the two switches and between S1 and R1, and configure Inter-VLAN routing on R1 to allow hosts in different VLANs to communicate, regardless of which subnet the host resides.

Note: The routers used with CCNA hands-on labs are Cisco 4221 with Cisco IOS XE Release 16.9.4 (universalk9 image). The switches used in the labs are Cisco Catalyst 2960s with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) (lanbasek9 image). Other routers, switches, and Cisco IOS versions can be used. Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and the output produced might vary from what is shown in the labs. Refer to the Router Interface Summary Table at the end of the lab for the correct interface identifiers.

Note: Ensure that the routers and switches have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you are unsure contact your Answers.

Answers Note: Refer to the Answers Lab Manual for the procedures to initialize and reload devices.

Required Resources

• 1 Router (Cisco 4221 with Cisco IOS XE Release 16.9.4 universal image or comparable)
• 2 Switches (Cisco 2960 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) lanbasek9 image or comparable)
• 2 PCs (Windows with a terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)
• Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports
• Ethernet cables as shown in the topology

Instructions

Part 1:Build the Network and Configure Basic Device Settings

In Part 1, you will set up the network topology and configure basic settings on the PC hosts and switches.

Step 1:Cable the network as shown in the topology.

Attach the devices as shown in the topology diagram, and cable as necessary.

Step 2:Configure basic settings for the router.

1. Console into the router and enable privileged EXEC mode.

Open configuration window

router> enable

2. Enter configuration mode.

router# config terminal

3. Assign a device name to the router.

router(config)# hostname R1

4. Disable DNS lookup to prevent the router from attempting to translate incorrectly entered commands as though they were host names.

R1(config)# no ip domain lookup

5. Assign class as the privileged EXEC encrypted password.

R1(config)# enable secret class

6. Assign cisco as the console password and enable login.

R1(config)# line console 0

R1(config-line)# password cisco

R1(config-line)# login

7. Assign cisco as the vty password and enable login.

R1(config)# line vty 0 4

R1(config-line)# password cisco

R1(config-line)# login

8. Encrypt the plaintext passwords.

R1(config)# service password-encryption

9. Create a banner that warns anyone accessing the device that unauthorized access is prohibited.

R1(config)# banner motd $ Authorized Users Only! $

10. Save the running configuration to the startup configuration file.

R1(config)# exit

R1# copy running-config startup-config

11. Set the clock on the router.

R1# clock set 15:30:00 27 Aug 2019

Close configuration window

Step 3:Configure basic settings for each switch.

1. Assign a device name to the switch.

switch(config)# hostname S1

switch(config)# hostname S2

2. Disable DNS lookup to prevent the router from attempting to translate incorrectly entered commands as though they were host names.

S1(config)# no ip domain-lookup

S2(config)# no ip domain-lookup

3. Assign class as the privileged EXEC encrypted password.

S1(config)# enable secret class

S2(config)# enable secret class

4. Assign cisco as the console password and enable login.

S1(config)# line console 0

S1(config-line)# password cisco

S1(config-line)# login

S2(config)# line console 0

S2(config-line)# password cisco

S2(config-line)# login

5. Assign cisco as the vty password and enable login.

S1(config)# line vty 0 4

S1(config-line)# password cisco

S1(config-line)# login

S2(config)# line vty 0 4

S2(config-line)# password cisco

S2(config-line)# login

6. Encrypt the plaintext passwords.

S1(config)# service password-encryption

S2(config)# service password-encryption

7. Create a banner that warns anyone accessing the device that unauthorized access is prohibited.

S1(config)# banner motd $ Authorized Users Only! $

S2(config)# exit

S2(config)# banner motd $ Authorized Users Only! $

S2(config)# exit

8. Set the clock on the switch.

S1# clock set 15:30:00 27 Aug 2019

S2# clock set 15:30:00 27 Aug 2019

9. Save the running configuration to the startup configuration.

S1# copy running-config startup-config

S2# copy running-config startup-config

Close configuration window

Step 4:Configure PC hosts.

Refer to the Addressing Table for PC host address information.

Part 2:Create VLANs and Assign Switch Ports

In Part 2, you will create VLANs as specified in the table above on both switches. You will then assign the VLANs to the appropriate interface and verify your configuration settings. Complete the following tasks on each switch.

Step 1:Create VLANs on both switches.

1. Create and name the required VLANs on each switch from the table above.

Open configuration window

S1(config)# vlan 10

S1(config-vlan)# name Management

S1(config-vlan)# vlan 20

S1(config-vlan)# name Sales

S1(config-vlan)# vlan 30

S1(config-vlan)# name Operations

S1(config-vlan)# vlan 999

S1(config-vlan)# name Parking_Lot

S1(config-vlan)# vlan 1000

S1(config-vlan)# name Native

S1(config-vlan)# exit

S2(config)# vlan 10

S2(config-vlan)# name Management

S2(config-vlan)# vlan 20

S2(config-vlan)# name Sales

S2(config-vlan)# vlan 30

S2(config-vlan)# name Operations

S2(config-vlan)# vlan 999

S2(config-vlan)# name Parking_Lot

S2(config-vlan)# vlan 1000

S2(config-vlan)# name Native

S2(config-vlan)# exit

2. Configure the management interface and default gateway on each switch using the IP address information in the Addressing Table.

S1(config)# interface vlan 10

S1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.10.11 255.255.255.0

S1(config-if)# no shutdown

S1(config-if)# exit

S1(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.10.1

S2(config)# interface vlan 10

S2(config-if)# ip address 192.168.10.12 255.255.255.0

S2(config-if)# no shutdown

S2(config-if)# exit

S2(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.10.1

3. Assign all unused ports on the switch to the Parking_Lot VLAN, configure them for static access mode, and administratively deactivate them.

Note: The interface range command is helpful to accomplish this task with as few commands as necessary.

S1(config)# interface range f0/2 – 4 , f0/7 – 24 , g0/1 – 2

S1(config-if-range)# switchport mode access

S1(config-if-range)# switchport access vlan 999

S1(config-if-range)# shutdown

S2(config)# interface range f0/2 – 17 , f0/19 – 24 , g0/1 – 2

S2(config-if-range)# switchport mode access

S2(config-if-range)# switchport access vlan 999

S2(config-if-range)# shutdown

Step 2:Assign VLANs to the correct switch interfaces.

1. Assign used ports to the appropriate VLAN (specified in the VLAN table above) and configure them for static access mode.

S1(config)# interface f0/6

S1(config-if)# switchport mode access

S1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 20

S2(config)# interface f0/18

S2(config-if)# switchport mode access

S2(config-if)# switchport access vlan 30

2. Verify that the VLANs are assigned to the correct interfaces.

S1# show vlan brief

VLAN NameStatusPorts

—- ——————————– ——— ——————————-

1defaultactiveFa0/1, Fa0/5

10Managementactive

20SalesactiveFa0/6

30Operationsactive

999Parking_LotactiveFa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/7

Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11

Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15

Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19

Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23

Fa0/24, Gi0/1, Gi0/2

1000 Nativeactive

1002 fddi-defaultact/unsup

1003 token-ring-defaultact/unsup

1004 fddinet-defaultact/unsup

1005 trnet-defaultact/unsup

S2# show vlan brief

VLAN NameStatusPorts

—- ——————————– ——— ——————————-

1defaultactiveFa0/1

10Managementactive

20Salesactive

30OperationsactiveFa0/18

999Parking_LotactiveFa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5

Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9

Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13

Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17

Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22

Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gi0/1, Gi0/2

1000 Nativeactive

1002 fddi-defaultact/unsup

1003 token-ring-defaultact/unsup

1004 fddinet-defaultact/unsup

1005 trnet-defaultact/unsup

Close configuration window

Part 3:Configure an 802.1Q Trunk Between the Switches

In Part 3, you will manually configure interface F0/1 as a trunk.

Step 1:Manually configure trunk interface F0/1 on switch S1 and S2.

1. Configure static trunking on interface F0/1 for both switches.

Open configuration window

S1(config)# interface f0/1

S1(config-if)# switchport mode trunk

S2(config)# interface f0/1

S2(config-if)# switchport mode trunk

2. Set the native VLAN to 1000 on both switches.

S1(config-if)# switchport trunk native vlan 1000

S2(config-if)# switchport trunk native vlan 1000

3. Specify that VLANs 10, 20, 30, and 1000 are allowed to cross the trunk.

S1(config-if)# switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30,1000

S2(config-if)# switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30,1000

4. Verify trunking ports, the Native VLAN and allowed VLANs across the trunk.

S1# show interfaces trunk

PortModeEncapsulationStatusNative vlan

Fa0/1on802.1qtrunking1000

PortVlans allowed on trunk

Fa0/110,20,30,1000

PortVlans allowed and active in management domain

Fa0/110,20,30,1000

PortVlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned

Fa0/110,20,30,1000

S2# show interfaces trunk

PortModeEncapsulationStatusNative vlan

Fa0/1on802.1qtrunking1000

PortVlans allowed on trunk

Fa0/110,20,30,1000

PortVlans allowed and active in management domain

Fa0/110,20,30,1000

PortVlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned

Fa0/110,20,30,1000

Step 2:Manually configure S1’s trunk interface F0/5

1. Configure S1’s interface F0/5 with the same trunk parameters as F0/1. This is the trunk to the router.
2. Save the running configuration to the startup configuration file.

S1# copy running-config startup-config

S2# copy running-config startup-config

3. Verify trunking.

Question:

What happens if G0/0/1 on R1 is down?

S1 F0/5 will not be displayed if the GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 interface status on the router is down.

Close configuration window

Part 4:Configure Inter-VLAN Routing on the Router

Step 1:Configure the router.

Open configuration window

1. Activate interface G0/0/1 as necessary on the router.

R1(config)# interface g0/0/1

R1(config-if)# no shutdown

R1(config-if)# exit

2. Configure sub-interfaces for each VLAN as specified in the IP addressing table. All sub-interfaces use 802.1Q encapsulation. Ensure the sub-interface for the native VLAN does not have an IP address assigned. Include a description for each sub-interface.

R1(config)# interface g0/0/1.10

R1(config-subif)# description Management Network

R1(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 10

R1(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-subif)# interface g0/0/1.20

R1(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 20

R1(config-subif)# description Sales Network

R1(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-subif)# interface g0/0/1.30

R1(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 30

R1(config-subif)# description Operations Network

R1(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-subif)# interface g0/0/1.1000

R1(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 1000 native

R1(config-subif)# description Native VLAN

3. Verify the sub-interfaces are operational

R1# show ip interface brief

InterfaceIP-AddressOK? Method StatusProtocol

GigabitEthernet0/0/0unassignedYES NVRAMdowndown

GigabitEthernet0/0/1unassignedYES NVRAMupup

Gi0/0/1.10192.168.10.1YES manual upup

Gi0/0/1.20192.168.20.1YES manual upup

Gi0/0/1.30192.168.30.1YES manual upup

Gi0/0/1.1000unassignedYES unsetupup

GigabitEthernet0unassignedYES NVRAMdowndown

Close configuration window

Part 5:Verify Inter-VLAN Routing is Working

Step 1:Complete the following tests from PC-A. All should be successful.

Note: You may have to disable the PC firewall for pings to work

1. Ping from PC-A to its default gateway.
2. Ping from PC-A to PC-B
3. Ping from PC-A to S2

Step 2:Complete the following test from PC-B

From the Command Prompt window on PC-B, issue the tracert command to the address of PC-A.

Question:

What intermediate IP addresses are shown in the results?

The tracert output should show two entries in the results. The first hop is R1’s G0/0/1.30 interface address, which is the Gateway address for PC-B. The second hop is PC-A’s address.

Router Interface Summary Table

Note: To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router and how many interfaces the router has. There is no way to effectively list all the combinations of configurations for each router class. This table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and Serial interfaces in the device. The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a specific router may contain one. An example of this might be an ISDN BRI interface. The string in parenthesis is the legal abbreviation that can be used in Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface.

End of document

Device Configs – Final

Switch S1

S1# show run

Building configuration…

Current configuration : 3232 bytes

!

version 15.2

no service pad

service timestamps debug datetime msec

service timestamps log datetime msec

service password-encryption

!

hostname S1

!

boot-start-marker

boot-end-marker

!

enable secret 5 $1$i9s4$16rO8XteeFVjmCcZIgmeV0

!

no aaa new-model

system mtu routing 1500

!

!

no ip domain-lookup

!

!

spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst

spanning-tree extend system-id

!

vlan internal allocation policy ascending

!

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30,1000

switchport trunk native vlan 1000

switchport mode trunk

!

interface FastEthernet0/2

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/3

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/4

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/5

switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30,1000

switchport trunk native vlan 1000

switchport mode trunk

!

interface FastEthernet0/6

switchport access vlan 20

switchport mode access

!

interface FastEthernet0/7

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/8

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/9

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/10

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/11

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/12

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/13

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/14

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/15

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/16

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/17

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/18

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/19

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/20

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/21

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/22

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/23

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/24

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/1

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/2

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface Vlan1

no ip address

shutdown

!

interface Vlan10

ip address 192.168.10.11 255.255.255.0

!

ip http server

ip http secure-server

!

banner motd ^C Authorized Users Only! ^C

!

line con 0

password 7 110A1016141D

login

line vty 0 4

password 7 110A1016141D

login

line vty 5 15

login

!

end

Switch S2

S2# show run

Building configuration…

Current configuration : 3181 bytes

!

version 15.2

no service pad

service timestamps debug datetime msec

service timestamps log datetime msec

service password-encryption

!

hostname S2

!

boot-start-marker

boot-end-marker

!

enable secret 5 $1$Egw6$KhQsKEMbfcGBIoVHJ2Q8F.

!

no aaa new-model

system mtu routing 1500

!

!

no ip domain-lookup

!

!

spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst

spanning-tree extend system-id

!

vlan internal allocation policy ascending

!

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30,1000

switchport trunk native vlan 1000

switchport mode trunk

!

interface FastEthernet0/2

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/3

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/4

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/5

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/6

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/7

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/8

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/9

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/10

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/11

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/12

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/13

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/14

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/15

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/16

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/17

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/18

switchport access vlan 30

switchport mode access

!

interface FastEthernet0/19

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/20

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/21

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/22

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/23

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface FastEthernet0/24

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/1

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/2

switchport access vlan 999

switchport mode access

shutdown

!

interface Vlan1

no ip address

!

interface Vlan10

ip address 192.168.10.12 255.255.255.0

!

ip http server

ip http secure-server

!

banner motd ^C Authorized Users Only! ^C

!

line con 0

password 7 00071A150754

login

line vty 0 4

password 7 00071A150754

login

line vty 5 15

login

!

end

Router R1

R1# show run

Building configuration…

Current configuration : 4347 bytes

!

version 16.9

service timestamps debug datetime msec

service timestamps log datetime msec

service password-encryption

platform qfp utilization monitor load 80

no platform punt-keepalive disable-kernel-core

!

hostname R1

!

boot-start-marker

boot-end-marker

!

!

vrf definition Mgmt-intf

!

address-family ipv4

exit-address-family

!

address-family ipv6

exit-address-family

!

enable secret 5 $1$1Al2$hVlCY2CB18CBDtaHd48hq/

!

no aaa new-model

!

no ip domain lookup

!

ip dhcp pool webuidhcp

!

login on-success log

!

subscriber templating

!

multilink bundle-name authenticated

!

spanning-tree extend system-id

!

redundancy

mode none

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

no ip address

negotiation auto

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

no ip address

negotiation auto

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10

description Management Network

encapsulation dot1Q 10

ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20

description Sales network

encapsulation dot1Q 20

ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1.30

description Operations Network

encapsulation dot1Q 30

ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1000

description Native VLAN

encapsulation dot1Q 1000 native

!

interface Serial0/1/0

no ip address

shutdown

!

interface Serial0/1/1

no ip address

shutdown

!

interface GigabitEthernet0

vrf forwarding Mgmt-intf

no ip address

negotiation auto

!

ip forward-protocol nd

no ip http server

ip http secure-server

ip tftp source-interface GigabitEthernet0

!

control-plane

!

banner motd ^C Authorized Users Only! ^C

!

line con 0

password 7 070C285F4D06

login

transport input none

stopbits 1

line aux 0

stopbits 1

line vty 0 4

password 7 104D000A0618

login

!

end

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